Pipe-wrench.



H. L. MARTY.

PIPE WRENCH. APPLICATION FILED APR. 4. 1911'.

1,024,519.- Patented Apr. 30, 1912.

Witnesses i Z Inventor W a v 4 COLUMB A PLANOGRAP C0 \VASHINGTON D C Attorneys UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY L. MARTY, OF ORRVILLE, OI-IIO.

PIPE-WRENCH.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY L. MARTY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Orrville, in the county of Vayne and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Piperench, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to wrenches, and more especially to those having sliding jaws; and the object of the same is to produce a wrench wherein the movable jaw has a roller face but is without distinct means for positively looking it to the fixed jaw. This object I accomplish by the construction hereinafter described and claimed, and as shown in the drawings wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation of this wrench complete. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section therethrough. Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 33 of Fig. 2.

In the drawings the letter H designates the handle of the fixed jaw F which has an angle A in its active face, and the letter T designates teeth extending along the lower edge of the handle and around the angle A of the face F as shown.

The letter M designates the movable aw which is here shown in the form of a housing surrounding the handle H and movable longitudinally thereover, G being the guide bar connecting the sides of the movable jaw beneath the lower edge of the handle and E an enlargement or extension on the upper side of the movable handle and by means of which it is retracted. Connecting the sides of the movable jaw M beneath the handle H is a cross pin G which, between said sides, passes through a rod R that extends to the rear and slides through an eye I depending from the lower edge of the handle H; and an expansive coiled spring S surrounds this rod between the pin G and the eye I so that the movable jaw is pressed normally forward toward the fixed jaw.

All the parts thus far described are susceptible of considerable modification, as their exact construction is not essential to the successful operation of this wrench.

Coming now more particularly to the details which make it possible to construct a wrench of this character without a means for positively locking the movable jaw to the fixed jaw, the letter W designates a toothed wheel mounted on a cross pin or pivot P through the forward portion of the depending sides of the movable jaw M about Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 4, 1911,

Patented Apr. 30, 1912.

Serial No. 618,857.

as shown, and the letters U and L designate the upper and lower portions of the angle A in the face of the fixed jaw F, which angle stands on a lower line than the pivot P of the roller or wheel W. All the teeth are by preference rather sharp because those of the wheel must engage those in the handle, while those in the angle and on the wheel must engage the pipe which'I have shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

In use the movablejaw is retracted by placing the hand against the extension E and pressing the same to the rear against the tension of the spring S, then the wrench is placed over the pipe as indicated and a release of pressure permits the movable jaw to slide forward until the pipe is clamped between the angle A and the forward side of the wheel IV, the expansive force of the spring S moving the wheel in a line parallel with the spring and toward the upper side U of the angle and finally forcing the pipe into contact with both the upper and lower sides of said angle. I have indicated lines and points diagrammatically on Fig. 1 and provided them with numerals. Starting from the axial center of the pipe at 1 and through the point 2 at the center of the pivot of the wheel WV, thence up to the point 3 where the strain of turning the pipe is communicated to the shank or handle H, it will be observed that there is formed an angle 1, 2, 3 which is a rather wide obtuse angle before the strain is applied. In the act of turning the pipe, downward movement of the rear end of the handle H on the line of the arrow 1 tends to move the point 3 of said angle in the direction of the arrow 5 toward the point 6 so as to straighten out such angle to or nearly to the line 1, 2, 6. This movement is resisted by the teeth T bit-ing into the pipe and by the fact that the latter tends to remain stationary while the wrench is being turned. The resistance thus set up has a tendency, of course, to force the movable jaw backward along on the fixed jaw, but in order to move in this direction it is necessary that the wheel W rotate in the direction of the arrow 7 which is manifestly impossible because that would cause its teeth which engage the pipe to move in a direction exactly the reverse of that in which they are being moved by the movement of the handle H. The result will he, therefore, that a downward movement of the extreme rear end of the handle H will cause the wheel or roller on the movable aiv to bite the pipe more deeply, the greater the resistance developed. On a return or upward movement of the handle, the opposite result follows and the wheel XV antomati cally disengages the pipe so that the wrench an be readily removed therefrom without manually retracting the movable jaw, although the latter will again tiy closed againstthe lixed jaw as soon as the wrench has been ta lien ell the pipe.

Thus it will be seen that l have produced a wrench wherein the movable jaw has no positive means for locking it to the lixed jaw, and one in which, aside tromthe spring, comprises but three main elements, viz: the lixed jaw, the movable jaw, and the roller. All parts are of the desired sizes, shapes, proportions and materials, and considerable change in detail can be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

hat is claimed is:

A Wrench comprising a solid handle hav ing a fixed jaw and teeth along one edge; a

movable jaw slidable upon the handle and projecting beyond the teeth, the movable jaw being open from end to end opposite the teeth; the handle having a lug housed within the movable jaw; a spring housed completely in the movable jaw and transversely insertible thereinto, the spring abutting against the lug; a rod slidable in the lug and passing entirely through the spring, one end of the rod protruding beyond one end ol the n'lovable jaw to provide for a removal of the rod; means for securing one end. of the rod to the movable aw, the said means constituting an abutment tor the spring; and a wheel journaled in the movable jaw and meshing into the teeth.

In testimony that I, claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto atlixed my signature in the presence of two \VltllOSSQS.

HENRY L. MAltlY.

lVitnesses A. M. LEWTS Roniacn, LEVI BnnnnnMiN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for Washington, D. C. 

